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박문재박사, 4일 밤 L.A.서 발표-3자정상회담과 그 전망

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작성자 편집실 작성일18-10-05 13:49 조회1,393회 댓글0건

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[로스엔젤레스=민족통신 손세영/김백호 편집위원]4일 밤 이곳 평화교회에서 열린 박문재박사 초청발표회는 30명가량의 동포들이 참석한 가운데 한반도평화통일포럼(조경미 회장), 한반도중립화통일운동 LA지부(김윤경회장), 재미동포전국연합회 로스엔젤레스지부(정신화회장) 공동주최로 열렸다.

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 박문재박사는 <3자정상회담의 필요성, 남북경제 및 정치제도의 융합에 대한 제언>이라는 제목으로 발표하면서 <남북수뇌 판문점선언>과 <북미수뇌 싱가폴선언>에서 반영된 화해, 평화, 번영의 정신을 신뢰성에 입각하여 서로 존중하는 토대위에서 이뤄질것을 강조했다. 

그는 이날 발표한 내용은 최근에 영자신문 계간지 가을판(Korean Quarterly: Fall, 2018, VOL.21, NUM 05)에 기고한 내용을 중심으로 파워포인트를 만들어 설명해 주었다.(아래 원본참조)

그는 종전선언, 평화협정 등의 문제를 남,북,미 3자가 공동으로 진행할 움직임을 보이는데 이것도 좋은 방법이라고 지적하면서 차기 정상회담으로 3자가 공동회담을 하는 것이 바람직하다고 제언하기도 했다. 

그는 또한 남과 북의 경제협력 문제에 대해서는 양측의 제도나 그 수준에서도 차이점이 있으나 연방제를 하는 겨우에는 경제살림을 공동으로 하는 것이 아니라 정치나 경제도 자기 제도에 맞는 방식으로 하기 때문에 별 문제가 없을 것이라고 지적했다. 

정치적인 것도 양측이 연방제에 의해 운영하면 자기 방식대로 자치제도를 운영하기 때문에 서로의 모순이나 충돌을 피할 수 있다는 뜻으로 그는 설명했다. 

남북은 무엇보다 신뢰성을 쌓기 위해서도 남북이 연방제에 의하여 평화체제를 유지하여 각자의 이념이나 제도에 의한 지방자치제도를 유지하면서 앞으로 2단계 완전통일에 의한 하나의 제도, 하나의 이념으로 된 완전통일을 이루기 위해서는 시간이 걸리기 때문에 당분간은 불가피하게 연방제를 실시하지 않을 수 없을 것이다. 

그렇기 때문에 연방제도를 실시하면서 남은 남대로, 북은 북대로 자기 시스템과 이념을 살려나가면서 남북문제에 연관된 정치, 군사, 외교, 교육, 문화 등에 관한 전반적인 문제들을 포괄적으로 시간을 가지고 연구개발하여 나가면 될 것이다. 

남북이 자치제도를 하면서도 각자가 나름대로 연구개발할 분야가 많기 때문에 <판문점 선언>에서 보여준 큰 그림을 그려나갈수 있다는 것이다. 

그는 남북이 손만잡으면 군사경비도 감축시키면서 청년들 일자리도 많이 늘여갈 수 있기 때문에 남북화해협력이 대단히 중요하다고 거듭주장했다. 

그는 또한 남북이 손만 잡으면 훗날이라도 남과 북을 영세중립국으로 만들어 핵보유국으로 우뚝서 자체방어를 위해 남과 북이 협력하여 남에 힘에 의존하지 않고 우리민족 스스로 군사강국으로도 성장할 수 있는게 아니냐고 반문하면서 남과 북의 장점들을 서로 배우면 좋겠다고 제언했다. 

이밖에도 우주개발, 의료개발 등 모든 면에서도 남과 북이 힘을 합치면 다른 나라들 못지 않게 훌륭한 통일조국을 건설할 수 있다고 확신하기도 했다. 

다시말하면 남과 북이 융합하기만 하면 지정학적인 정치적인 면에서도 유리한 고지를 차지할 수 있다고 본다는 것이 그의 미래에 관한 긍정적인 관점이라고 박문재 박사는 결론을 맺었다. 
 


 

Calls for a tri-party summit at Pyongyang

=Working out a One Korea Concept=

 

By Moon J. Pak

(September 2018)

 

 

The year 2018 has been an epochal year for the Korean peninsula, in which the world has observed leaders of the two Koreas take deliberate steps to end the nearly 70-year old division of the country.

 

In North Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea or DPRK), the era began with the emergence in North Korea of Chairman Kim Jong-un, succeeding his (deceased) father Kim Jong-Il.

 

In the South, President Moon Jae-in was elected in the spring of 2017. His election came after the so-called Candlelight Revolution, during which hundreds of thousands of Koreans in cities across the country took to the streets with candles in peaceful demonstrations every night for many weeks in an effort to remove the conservative, corrupt regime of President Park Geun-hye. 

 

One additional benefit during this era is the presence of Donald J. Trump in the White House; although he often appears unpredictable, on matters pertaining to Korea, he has proven to be a rational and useful partner in the cause of peace.

 

The decision of the North to participate in the Winter Olympics held in PyeongChang, South Korea in early 2018 led to a cascade of positive diplomatic events between the two Koreas and also between the U.S. and North Korea that were not even imaginable a year ago.

 

The first event following the Olympics was the summit meeting between Moon and Kim in the village of Panmunjom, located in the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) that produced the Panmunjom Declaration of April 27. The five points of the Declaration opened a new era of peace and reconciliation between the two Koreas, however, the symbolic image of the two leaders embracing each other and crossing the border between the two Koreas added profound meaning to the event.

 

On June 12, the second historic summit was held at Singapore, this time between Trump and Kim. As in the first summit, the visual image of a friendly encounter between the two leaders, and the flags of the two countries shown together had significant impact. The brief agreements that came out of the meeting amounted to a promise for eventual denuclearization of the North and pledge to officially end the state of war between the two countries that has existed for nearly 70 years since the end of the Korean War in 1953.

 

After a series of diplomatic communications between Washington, Seoul and Pyongyang, a third summit meeting was held on September 18 in Pyongyang between Moon and Kim that resulted in the Joint Agreement between the two Koreas. This agreement laid the groundwork for multiple specific concepts, projects, and routes of cooperation and communication. Recent images of the two leaders communicating with each other, and the ardent acceptance of the South Korean President and First Lady by the general North Korean public, were profound and created a mood of optimism among all the Koreans.

 

In reviewing the multiple agreements produced from the three summits, it is obvious that all the agreements, even those of the North and South, will depend in some form on the approval and/or cooperation of the U.S. Thus, there is now a call from both Koreas for another summit between Kim and Trump!

 

It is however, the considered opinion of many that the next diplomatic dialogue should be a tri-party summit with Kim, Moon and Trump. The location would preferably be Pyongyang, with Trump presiding.  With this structure, and with all parties at the table, decision-making would be quicker.  In having Trump preside, the hope is that he would be more invested in having a successful summit, and therefore more inclined to make concessions and adjustments needed in the U.S. position.

 

The expected outcome of a tri-party summit would be a resolution to normalize the international relationship between the U.S. and DPRK. This agreement could also cover peninsular denuclearization, removal of sanctions on the North and a peace treaty between the two countries. This type of broad agreement would open the door for the realization of a “One Korea Concept”between the two Koreas, which was so dramatically presented at the summits of the two Koreas held April 17 and September 18.

 

Reunification of the Korean peninsula is not achievable simply by having both leaders walking across the DMZ together, and many of the agreements now proposed will undergo real implementation challenges, even though the proposals are excellent, idealistic and well thought-out.

 

Likewise, bringing a people who are united in their 4,000-year history and common ethnicity, yet divided by two generations of complete physical division, and by drastically different political and economic systems, is admittedly a tricky prospect.

 

In addition to their vast differences, both nations have their own merits and shortcomings. The time may be right to compare and evaluate both systems with the goal of developing a new unified concept, uniquely suitable and beneficial to both Koreas – a true “One Korea Concept”.

 

Economic changes:

 

In their economiesboth Koreas must initiate change if they wish to eventually coalesce. There is, of course, great discrepancies between the size of the economies of the two Koreas; South Korea’s gross domestic product (GDP) is 30 times greater than North Korea’s. Although the North will have to bring about greater changes, the answer may not be a South Korean-style capitalist model, or a Chinese model. 

 

Similarly, systemic economic changes in the South should be in the direction of the socialistic system of North, however, South Korea should maintain profit incentives while eliminating extreme income discrepancies and the corruptive influence of its giant privately-held companies, or “chaebols”.

 

 

Political changes:

 

Compromising the two drastically different political systems of both Koreas is seemingly impossible, but there is some room for change, especially in the North.  Its one-party, family-rule system will not change, but the tight vertical control of the government with its few horizontal incentives will have to change, at a minimum, to accommodate the changes needed in its economic system. Eventually, a democratic system based on representation of occupations/professions may replace the current party system in the North and South, thus abolishing politics as a profession. Switzerland’s government achieves representation of its people in government by having various professional or occupational organizations associated with the legislative structure – this is a model worth looking at.

 

Education system changes:

 

Education is another area where the two Koreas could successfully develop a uniform single system.  The North has a state-controlled merit-based system, where education is provided fully by the state with no individual financial obligation for students, not even cost of room and board.   The quality of higher education is largely uniform except for a few specialized institutions. The prerequisite for admission as well as the competition for admission is determined by the state, based on the perceived need for that particular profession by the state. 

 

The youth work force:

 

The standing army (which in North Korea is a standing youth work force as well) of each side must be unified also. The North has 1.2 million-armed youth and South has 650,000. The combined force of 1.85 million makes it the fifth largest military in the world (after India, China, the U.S. and Russia).

 

A unified Korea could recruit all of its men and women between age 18-22 for military and non-military service, which would total a force of about 2.5 million. I suggest that all youth serve for the country for two years in the fields of military, agriculture or industry. For those who are not properly educated or trained, the two-year time span could be used for education, or skilled professions so that no one after this two-year time of mandatory service remain jobless or unemployed.

 

A goal of a highly-educated work force begs the question about jobs for low-skilled workers. To supplement the labor force, a unified Korea could bring transient laborers from other countries, such as the Philippines, China, and Vietnam. The U.S., China, Japan, and other countries have done this, with varying degrees of success. The goal would be to provide short-term contracts for foreign workers, and to raise in turn, the quality of life and level of education for the Koreans.

 

Being surrounded by the four world powers, China, Japan, Russia and U.S., the unified Korea must maintain an effective, strong and efficient national defense system. It should be highly technically oriented, with an emphasis on an aerospace force, an oceangoing navy, and an open and defensive nuclear weapons base.  

 

Health care changes: 

 

Currently, there is a great gap in the quality of the health care system between the two Koreas, however this reflects the economic discrepancy between the two nations.  The gap will lessen as the economies merge. In principle, and in terms of accessibility of care, the North’s system is superior, since it is not based on any financial incentives.

 

Population changes: 

 

Lastly, a word should be said about the population, and the interesting trend at present of the two Koreas. The South has a population of roughly 45 million and is declining due to a low birth rate, following the trend of Japan. The North has a population of 25 million, and both the birth rate, and growth rate are stable. The combined population of 70 million is about the same as Italy. However, Korea is surrounded by countries whose total population amounts to nearly 70 percent of world’s total. A unified Korea must aim to increase its total population to at least 150 million in within its next generation.

 

=The End=

 

(Korean Quarterly: Fall, 2018, VOL.21, NUM 05)

 


 


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