Crimea, Sevastopol pass declarations of independence
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Crimea, Sevastopol pass declarations of independence
Voice of Russia | March 11, 2014
Photo: RIA
Parliamentarians in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and
the Ukrainian city of Sevastopol have adopted declarations on the territories'
independence which is required for the judicial procedures as part of their
entry into Russia, as well as for the referendum, a legislature spokesman said.
"A very important document - a declaration of
independence - was adopted during the session. This document is needed for the
judicial procedures as part of Crimea's entry into Russia, as well as for the
Crimean referendum," the Crimean lawmaker added.
MPs of Crimea and Sevatopol stress that they acted in
strict compliance with the UN Charter and took into account the fact that
unilateral proclamations of independence don't violate international law. The
provision was approved by the UN International Court on July 22, 2010, in
relation to Kosovo.
What is a declaration of indepencence? Famous examples from human history
A declaration of independence is an assertion of the
independence of an aspiring state or states, usually breakaway territories from
within the larger state.
Such declarations are typically made without the consent
of the associated state or union, and hence are sometimes called unilateral
declarations of independence, particularly by those who question the
declarations' validity.
In human history, there is a body of examples when part
of the larger state decided to secede, however, a few of them particularly came
to public notice.
In the United States, the Declaration of Independence was
adopted on July 4, 1776, announcing that the thirteen American colonies, then
at war with Great Britain, regarded themselves as independent states, and no
longer a part of the British Empire. Instead they formed a union that would
become a new nation—the United States of America.
The Declaration of Independence of the Republic of
Moldova was a document adopted by the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova
following the failure of the August coup attempt. The founding act of the
Republic of Moldova from 1991 is celebrated on August 27, the National Day or
Independence Day. The Republic of Moldova gained official recognition of statehood
on 2 March 1992, by becoming a member of the United Nations.
The 2008 Kosovo Declaration of Independence was adopted
on 17 February 2008 by the Assembly of Kosovo. The participants unanimously
declared Kosovo to be independent from Serbia while all 11 representatives of
the Serb minority boycotted the proceedings. It was the second declaration of
independence by Kosovo's Albanian-majority political institutions, the first
was proclaimed on 7 September 1990. The legality of the declaration and whether
it was an act of the Assembly has been disputed. Serbia sought international
validation and support for its stance that the declaration was illegal, and in
October 2008 requested an advisory opinion from the International Court of
Justice. The Court determined that the declaration did not violate
international law.
The Palestinian Declaration of Independence was
proclaimed by Yasser Arafat on 15 November 1988. It had previously been adopted
by the Palestinian National Council, the legislative body of the Palestine
Liberation Organization, by a vote of 253 in favor 46 against and 10
abstentions. It was read at the closing session of the 19th Palestinian
National Council to a standing ovation. Upon completing the reading of the
declaration, Arafat, as Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization,
assumed the title of "President of Palestine." On 28 October 1974,
the 1974 Arab League summit held in Rabat designated the PLO as the "sole
legitimate representative of the Palestinian people and reaffirmed their right
to establish an independent state of urgency."
The Russian Lower House is going to discuss a draft law
that will allow Ukraine’s breakaway republic of Crimea to join Russia, an MP
with the ruling United Russia party has said. The law initiative has been
submitted by the Just Russia party. United Russia's MP Vyacheslav Nikonov told
reporters on Tuesday the draft legislation is to be looked into and probably
amended by March 17. It will be put on the agenda on March 21.
The law describes the accession procedure for subjects of
the Russian Federation. The Just Russia has moved to accept new subjects based
on results of a referendum in the given region in the absence of an effective
sovereign authority in the country, unless an international agreement can be
reached.
Any new region that votes to join Russia will be granted
the status of Russia’s subject.
The move follows the recent coup in Ukraine that has
crippled the country’s executive authority, the party noted. Lawmakers stressed
that the power takeover in the former Soviet republic was illegal and described
the insurgents as fascist militants.
More than 80 percent of the Crimean population would back
the republic’s accession to Russia. That is according to the Supreme Council’s
chairman, Vladimir Konstantinov, who cites recent opinion poll results.
"Over 80% of Crimea residents are going to vote for
accession to Russia, according to yesterday’s focus-group surveys," Mr.
Konstantinov said.
He predicted a "considerably high" turnout for
the upcoming referendum on March 16 that will decide the fate of the Black Sea
peninsula.
Crimea’s authorities and its population are voicing no
concern about the fact that Kiev is refusing to recognize the Crimean
referendum and has even cancelled it, the Chairman of the Supreme Council of
Crimea, Vladimir Konstantinov, told newsmen Monday.
"We are even glad to learn that the Kiev authorities
are refusing to recognize the referendum. We have not recognized them
either," said Speaker of the Crimean Parliament, Vladimir Konstantinov .
By the time the referendum is underway, he will have more
supporters, Konstantinov stressed.
He believes a considerable proportion of the Ukrainian
population continues to say that the people support the policies of Crimean
authorities and the referendum.
"Nobody wants to live under the Kiev regime,"
Konstantinov stressed.
The Russian city of Chelyabinsk in the southern Urals,
which made headlines last year when a meteor blazed above it to burst into
pieces and plunge into a nearby lake, has staged a peaceful demonstration in
support of Ukraine’s Russian-speaking minority and the Crimean republic.
The rally, in the heart of the city, drew an estimated
15,000 people from all walks of life and social organizations. The event was
quite peaceful and without scuffles, police said.
This was the latest in a series of demonstrations aimed
at supporting Russian-speaking citizens of Ukraine after the coup on February
22, when power was seized by the country’s parliament. The Verkhovna Rada
dismissed President Yanukovych, changed the Constitution and shifted
presidential authority to its Speaker, Alexander Turchynov, a long-time ally of
ex-PM Yulia Tymoshenko.
The presidential election is slated for May 25. On
February 27, the Rada unveiled the line-up for the so-called "Ukrainian
government of people’s trust."
Yanukovych later confessed he had been forced to flee
Ukraine for fear of being killed and was still the country’s president. Moscow
believes there’s hardly any legitimacy to the new Ukrainian parliament, which
has been denounced by several regions in the country’s south and east as
"illegitimate." The Russian-dominated republic of Crimea has refused
to recognize Kiev’s authority.
On March 16, residents of Crimea will go to the polls to
decide the future of the region at a referendum.
Thousands of supporters of Russia gathered at
Simferopol's Lenin square in Ukraine's Crimea on Sunday in support of uniting
the region with Russia.
Crimean and Russian flags over the crowd as a Russian
Black Sea Fleet band played patriotic songs.
The rally comes exactly a week before a March 16
referendum on unification.
Actions in support of Ukraine and Russian compatriots
living in the country will be held in big cities throughout Russia this
weekend. According to organisers' forecasts, the demonstrations will gather
around 30,000 people.
Residents of the cities of Astrakhan and Pskov will
assemble on Lenin Squares for rallies on Sunday, March 9. A march in support of
Ukraine will be held in the city of Maikop, the capital of the Russian Republic
of Adygeya.
Residents of Arkhangelsk, Chelyabinsk, Vologda, Perm and
Chita will hold their actions on Monday, March 10. Around 18,000 people are
expected to participate throughout these cities.
Massive actions - "people’s gatherings" - in
support of Ukraine and Russian compatriots living in the country started in
Russia last Sunday. Then marches and rallies initiated by patriotic youth and
veteran organisations brought together tens of thousands people in Moscow, St.
Petersburg and Krasnodar.
http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2014_03_11/Crimea-parliament-passes-independence-declaration-0493/
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